The floor plan is perhaps the most significant architecural drawing,as it contains a tremendous amount of information about the design and construction of a building or space.It also serves as the primary drawing to which many of the other specially drawings can be keyed.
A floor plan is an orthographic view of a total building or an area within a building,seen as if a horizontal cutting plane were passed through it at a height of approximately 4 feet (1219 mm) above the floor line.In some cases,it may be necessary to assume a higher cutting plane to show an item such as a high window or the space above a tall cabinet.The viewer is looking straight down into the building,as illustrated in it.In multiple-level buildings,a separate floor plan is drawn for each level.In turn,each level is aligned with the one above for bearing walls,stairways,ductwork,and other vertical elements related to both floors.Stairways are labeled "up" on one level and "down" on the level above.When viewing a floor plan of a building that includes a mezzanine or loft, the upper level is shown in plan,,doors,with (he lower level also shown or simply labeled "open".
In construction drawings, floor plans are drawn to scale and detailed to show walls,doors,windows,plumbing fixtures,appliances stairs;cabinetry and any other built-in or free-standing interior features.Most of these items are drawn as viewed from above.Illustrates how a lavatory,appliances,and plumbing fixture are drawn.Doors are drawn in the plan view in an open-position showing the direction of their operation.Their size might be called out simplistically in plan,such as 3d,denoting that the door is 3 feet (91.4cm) wide,as shown in it.More detailed information regarding doors is shown in a door schedule and keyed on the plan.Windows and their operation are difficult to describe in a floor -plan view.They are drawn simplistically in plan and referenced with specific symbols that relate to the type of their action and listed in a window schedule.
In addition to symbols,line-weights and different types of lines can be used to relay information with the floor-plan drawing.For example,brokenlines can denote items such as upper cabinets and high windows that are above the cutting plane,as shown in it.Aconstruction drawing of a floor plan canveys a significant amount of information to the builder,such as dimensions,door/window locations,cabinetry,and symbole that correspond to interior elevation.
Loft Plan :-
A second level floor plan ca also show part of the space below.This helps to visualize what one can see when looking from this upper floor to the lower one.
Also,a different pattern can be used on the floor plan to denote a change in the the floor treatment,such as the grid pattern in the kitchen and utility room in it.Much of the other information given on a floor plan is more general,with the items spelled out in more detail in other drawings or specifications.For example,a water heater or handrail is designated as such on the plan,and its detailed specifications are found elsewhere in the construction drawings or written specifications.
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