The height of lettering on construction drawings varies accroding to the hierarchy of the information being presented and the type of reproduction being used.If the drawings are to be reproduced at the same size,the following standards are generally used:
1.Sheet numbers in the title block
2.Main titles under individual drawings
3.Subtitles,such as room names
4.Majority of lettering,such as notes and dimensions.
If the drawings are to be reduced by photocopying,plotting,or other means,the lettering sizes should be increased,depending upon the reduction ratio,in order for the final notes,dimensions,etc.to be clear and readable.
Notes:-
Notes are used on construction drawings for the identification of features or information that cannot be conveyed by drawings or by a symbol.Notes should be concise,easy to read,and clear in their meaning.Notes should be grouped and aliged vertically to the right or left side,as illustrated in it.They should also be placed close to the elements described in order to keep leaders as short and direct as possible.Leaders are drawn away from the beginning or end of the note and generally end in an arrow pointing to the object the notes refers to.Leaders can be either straight or curved lines,depending upon the office standards.If curved lines are used,they should be gradual sweeping curves,and not crooked or wavy.Leaders should never ceoss one another,as this can create visual confusio.Notes that pertain to serveral items,such as the height of electrical outlets,can be pulled out separately and organized below the drawing.If there is more than one note,they should be numbered and organized chronologically on the drawing sheet,as shown in it.
Notes should be placed in open areas of the drawings so line work,textures,and dimension will not be drawn over them.
Drawing Conventions and Representations :-
Construction drawings communicated how something is built by showing specific assemblies and by employing architectural drawning conventions.These conventions are fairly standard throughout the industry and are used to reduce the drawing time and space needed to convey information.For example,in a graphic symbol with an arrow drawn on a cabinetry section denotes the exact place the section was cut and the direction of the view taken in the resulting section drawing.
Abbreviations,graphic symbols,keys,and legends are used as shorthand to reduce drawing time while conveying important information.Another convention governs how dimensions are recorded in a drawing.Dimensioning standards ensure that exact sizes and placement of assemblies are communicated by using a system that is recognized by both the designer and the builder.
Abbreviations :-
Abbreviations for words and short phrases are often used in construction drawings.Commonly used abbreviations can be found in the Appendix,but it should be noted they are not universal.Abbreviations can vary among the diffrent trades, as, for example,QT can means "quarry tile" or "quart".The architect,engineer,interior-designer,drafter,and contractor must all be able to recognize what each abbreviations (often shown on the title sheet of a set of drawings) to ensure their meaning is understood.
For an example of abbreviated terms used in a set of construction drawings.
Graphic Symbols :-
Graphic symbole are used in construction drawings as a pictorial shorthand to reduce drawing time and coordinate separate drawings.Foe example,symbole can be used on a floor-plan drawing to indicate placement and type of specific equipment such as electrical outlets and wall light switches.Although symbols may vary from office to office,there are generally accepted types used by all architectural and interior-design firms.Each symbol must communicated clearly specific directives to be followed.
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